Industry’s familiarity with density-based assessments for the quality assurance (QA) of pavement layers and subgrades currently favours conventional density measurements over other field tests that have the potential to better validate design parameters achieved during construction. Although such alternative tests (e.g. Prima 100 LWD, Geogauge or PANDA probe) are not necessarily as precise as conventional density testing, the density test itself has significant limitations. These limitations include the time required to undertake the tests and its inability to reliably assess the in situ devices evaluated in this report.
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